. Her use of a
at a demonstration in Paris in March 1883 was also the earliest known of what would become known as the
.
. Despite the anti-authoritarian rhetoric, early anarchist thinkers maintained cultural orthodoxy when it came to the division of domestic labor and their personal relationships with women. The founder of French
views. Michel, Teresa Claramunt, Lucy Parsons,
anarchist movement. With the formation of the First International anarchist sections in various European countries under the leadership of
Mikhail Bakunin,
anarchism became noted for not only encouraging female participation in the political movement but also for espousing the idea of female emancipation.
In March 1883 Michel and Émile Pouget led a demonstration of unemployed workers. In a subsequent
riot, 500 demonstrators led by Michel pillaged three bakeries and shouted "Bread, work, or lead". Reputedly, Michel led this demonstration with a
black flag, which has since become a symbol of
anarchism. This was also the first recorded use of the
Anarchy black flag. Michel was sentenced to six years of solitary confinement for inciting the looting.
Louise Michel was released in 1886, at the same time as Kropotkin and other prominent anarchists. In 1895 Sébastien Faure and Michel founded the French anarchist periodical Le Libertaire, now called Le Monde Libertaire. In the same year Michel met
Emma Goldman at an anarchist conference in London, at which both were speaking.