Ulrike Meinhof was a German left-wing journalist and founding member of the
Red Army Faction (RAF) in West
Germany, commonly referred to in the press as the "Baader-
Meinhof gang". She is the reputed author of The Urban
Guerilla Concept (1971). The manifesto acknowledges the RAF's "roots in the history of the student movement"; condemns "
reformism" as "a brake on the anti-capitalist struggle"; and invokes "
armed struggle" as "the highest form of Marxism-Leninism".
Meinhof, who took part in the RAF's May Offensive in 1972, was arrested in June 1972 and spent the rest of her life in custody, largely isolated from outside contact. In November 1974, she was sentenced to eight years
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prison for attempted murder in the May 1970 liberation from
prison of
Andreas Baader. From 1975, she stood trial on multiple charges of murder and attempted murder, with the three other RAF leaders, Baader, Gudrun Ensslin, and Jan-Carl Raspe. Before the end of the trial, she was found hanged in her cell in the Stammheim
Prison. The official finding of suicide sparked controversy. One year later, on 7 April
1977, two members of the RAF assassinated the Federal Attorney-General Siegfried Buback in revenge for her alleged murder.
Andreas Baader was one of the first leaders of the West German left-wing militant
organization Red Army Faction (RAF), also commonly known as the Baader-
Meinhof Group.