Degrowth is a term used for a social movement that critiques the paradigm of economic growth. It is a political, economic, and social concept that advocates the reduction of consumption. Born in the 1970s, it is based on the idea that economic growth (measured by macro-indicators such as the GDP or the population level) does not guarantee or thwart the improvement of the living conditions of humanity. According to the actors of the degrowth movement, the industrialization process has three negative consequences: dysfunctions of the economy (mass unemployment, precariousness, etc.), alienation at work (stress, moral harassment, multiplication of accidents, etc.), and pollution, responsible
… Read more for the deterioration of ecosystems and the disappearance of thousands of animal species. Human action on the planet would threaten the human species itself, so degrowth aims to stop making growth a goal. It is based on political ecology, ecological economics, feminist political ecology, and environmental justice, pointing out the social and ecological harm caused by the pursuit of infinite growth and Western development imperatives. Degrowth emphasizes the need to reduce global consumption and production and advocates an ecologically sustainable society. The movement arose from concerns over the perceived consequences of the productivism and consumerism associated with industrial societies such as the declining quality of the environment (global warming, pollution, threats to biodiversity). Degrowth thought is in opposition to all forms of productivity, including the current form of sustainable development. Sustainable development is rooted in mainstream development ideas that aim to increase capitalist growth and consumption. Degrowth, therefore, sees sustainable development as an oxymoron, as any development based on growth in a finite and environmentally stressed world is seen as inherently unsustainable.
Anti-capitalism is a political ideology and movement encompassing a variety of attitudes and ideas that oppose capitalism. In this sense, anti-capitalists are those who wish to replace capitalism with another type of society, usually some form of anarchism or socialism.
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